Communism did not reduce inequality more than other regimes and lowered overall welfare Europe’s welfare capitalism cuts disposable-income gaps through taxes, transfers, and strong delivery systems T…

Credible budgets cut inflation Rising defense and debt threaten school funding Multi-year fiscal plans can protect education In May 2010, Greece initiated a significant one-year budget cut in the eur…

Forecast errors turned a supply shock into larger welfare losses; “look-through” amplified them Make look-through state-contingent with public shock decompositions and automatic triggers Shield schoo…

Antitrust breakups miss the real battleground: AI assistants, not blue links Prioritize interoperability and open defaults to keep markets contestable Track assistant-led discovery, not just search s…

Spain’s blackout showed solar alone doesn’t keep schools on Campuses need batteries, islanding inverters, and wiring upgrades Shift policy from price relief to resilience built in schools In 2024, Sp…

Tariff shocks don’t halt trade—they reroute it, reshaping supply chains Those shifts hit education budgets, curricula, and partnerships, demanding “diversification-ready” systems Train for regulatory…